Some info from
http://www.mbdevelopments.co.uk/lambretta/lt2.html
WHAT SETS A STAGE TUNE?
Who says what a tune is? There are no rules only other peoples opinions and ideas, these have been around as long as two strokes have.
If there are no rules then what is a stage tune? Different tuners have different ideas. A motorcycle experts idea would be different to that of a scooter experts idea of a tune.
Motorcycle tuners tend to have three basic tunes, stage 1 road tune, stage 2 road/ race tune, and stage 3 full race spec tune, what work occurs between each tune can vary from engine to engine, or who you talk to or what book you have read. This seems to be where scooter tuners have shot straight to stage 4 road tunes. It doesn’t mean a stage 4-scooter tune is better or higher spec than a motor bike tune. Perhaps it suggests more stages of tuning to get to a similar spec of tune compared to a motorbikes engine tune!
Over the years I’ve seen scooter tuning getting to stage 8 and stage 9. This could be getting a ridiculous selling point! One opinion is when fitting a Japanese piston, a barrel suddenly becomes a stage 5. Why? You can fit a Japanese piston and still keep standard port timings, carb and exhaust with no extra speed! This doesn’t seem to be a stage of tune but presumably a stage of reliability. Are they both connected?
In the Fifties and Sixties stage 1 and stage 2 seemed to be used, by 1980 only stage 4 was used, by the mid 1980s stage 5 and stage 6 had crept in. Nothing was mentioned of stage 1, 2 or 3 where did they go? So much confusion. Customers have being asking for a tune they haven’t really wanted.
Let me try and put some sense to a scooter tune, but I must point out they are my ideas and may differ to other scooter dealers. There are so many ways to tune one cylinder I won’t go into much detail, that would turn this an article into a book. I base these on the amount of tunes done, listening to what the customer has required over the years and my own common sense.
LAMBRETTA CAST CYLINDERS
1. STAGE ONE. Basically clean up ports, keep standard carb and exhaust.
2. STAGE TWO. Clean up ports, raise exhaust port slightly to increase port timings, use either standard or slightly larger carb, Standard or Clubman exhausts.
3. STAGE THREE. Lower inlet port slightly to increase port timings, raise exhaust port, flow transfer feeds. Increase carb to 22 – 26mm, Standard, Clubman or a touring expansion chamber.
4. STAGE FOUR. Increase inlet size and port timings to match to 28 – 30mm carb, raise, widen and open exhaust port to larger big bore gasket. Flow transfer ports. Use a clubman or touring expansion chamber.
5. STAGE FIVE. Increase inlet size and port timings to match to larger carb 30 – 34mm, increase exhaust port size and port timings to slightly larger than a stage 4, use a full expansion chamber.
6. STAGE SIX. As above but perhaps larger port timings to increase power higher up in the rev range, also increase size of transfer passages. Use 32 – 36mm carbs and full race spec expansions. (Usually classed as a full race tune.)
7. STAGE SEVEN. As per stage 6 but with a reed valve fitted and the extra work needed.